Trump Officially Announces U.S. Withdrawal from World Health Organization

On Monday, former President Donald Trump signed an executive order to withdraw the United States from the World Health Organization (WHO), sparking widespread concern among public health experts. Critics argue that the decision could weaken America’s role as a global health leader and hinder international efforts to prepare for and combat future pandemics.

The executive order, issued within hours of Trump’s announcement, cites several reasons for the withdrawal. Trump pointed to what he called the WHO’s “mishandling of the COVID-19 pandemic” and “failure to adopt necessary reforms.” He also criticized the organization’s funding model, claiming that the U.S. bears a disproportionate financial burden while countries like China contribute far less.

A Controversial Move with Deep Implications

This move comes as no surprise to those who have followed Trump’s longstanding criticism of the WHO. Back in 2020, Trump accused the organization of favoring China in its response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Although he initiated steps to leave the WHO that same year, the effort was blocked by former President Joe Biden on his first day in office in January 2021.

The decision to withdraw could have far-reaching consequences. For instance, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) relies on the WHO for global data and updates on emerging health threats. Without membership, the U.S. could lose access to critical information, such as early warnings on viral outbreaks and international collaboration on vaccine development.

The WHO’s Role in Global Health

Established in 1948 with significant support from the United States, the WHO is a specialized agency of the United Nations. It aims to tackle the world’s most pressing health challenges, including epidemic response, vaccine distribution, and aid to conflict zones. Its biennial budget of $6.8 billion relies heavily on contributions from member countries, with the U.S. historically being one of its largest donors.

Public health advocates argue that leaving the WHO could undermine global health initiatives. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the WHO played a key role in sharing the genetic sequence of the virus with countries worldwide, enabling rapid vaccine development.

Political Backlash and Treaty Negotiations

The WHO has also faced criticism from conservative lawmakers in the U.S. for its work on a proposed “pandemic treaty.” This agreement aims to improve global pandemic preparedness by mandating pathogen surveillance, faster data-sharing during outbreaks, and increased local production of vaccines and treatments. Some Republican legislators argue that such measures could infringe on U.S. sovereignty.

Although negotiations on the treaty stalled last year, health law experts like Lawrence Gostin from Georgetown University warn that the U.S. exit would not only harm global public health but also jeopardize America’s national security and strategic interests. “The decision to leave the WHO is a grievous mistake,” Gostin said. “It diminishes our leadership on the world stage and puts lives at risk.”

What Happens Next?

Under a resolution adopted by Congress when the U.S. joined the WHO, withdrawal requires a one-year notice period. Additionally, the U.S. must fulfill all financial obligations for the current fiscal year before fully disengaging. This process gives lawmakers and public health officials a limited window to potentially reverse the decision.

The Global Response

As the U.S. moves forward with its planned withdrawal, international reactions have been mixed. Some countries expressed disappointment, while others emphasized the importance of strengthening multilateral cooperation to address health crises.

For now, the focus remains on how this decision will shape America’s influence in global health policymaking and its ability to respond to future challenges, from pandemics to emerging public health threats.